There are two main types of square counterflow cooling towers with distinct design parameters. For industrial towers, when the air wet - bulb temperature T=28∘C, the cooling tower temperature drop ranges from 10∘C to 25∘C. In contrast, for civil towers, under the same air wet - bulb temperature of T=28∘C, the temperature drop is between 5∘C and 8∘C.
When selecting a cooling tower, several key parameters must be known. These include the cooling water quantity Q, the inlet water temperature t1, the outlet water temperature t2, and the air wet - bulb temperature. These parameters are crucial for determining the appropriate cooling tower model and size to meet specific cooling requirements.
The material of the cooling tower is capable of withstanding extremely low temperatures, down to −50∘C. However, in areas where the average temperature of the coldest month is lower than −10∘C, it is essential to state this information when placing an order. This allows the manufacturer to implement anti - icing measures to ensure the normal operation of the cooling tower in cold climates.
The circulating water in the cooling tower should have a turbidity of no more than 50mg/L under normal conditions, and the short - term turbidity should not exceed 100mg/L. Additionally, the water should not contain oil and mechanical impurities. If necessary, measures should be taken to kill algae and stabilize the water quality to prevent blockages and corrosion within the cooling tower system.
The water inlet and outlet pipes of the cooling tower offer flexibility in installation as they can be rotated at angles of 90∘, 180∘, and 270∘. This feature allows for easier alignment with existing piping systems during installation.
The water distribution system is designed based on the nominal water flow. If the difference between the actual water volume and the nominal water volume exceeds +15%, this information should be provided when ordering. This enables the manufacturer to modify relevant data to ensure optimal performance of the water distribution system.
The inlet water temperature of the cooling tower should not exceed 60∘C. In cases where the inlet water temperature is expected to be higher than 60∘C, it is necessary to specify this when placing an order so that appropriate modifications can be made to the cooling tower design.
The installation angle of the fan blades is adjustable, but it is crucial that all blades have a consistent angle. Moreover, the current of the motor should not exceed its rated current to prevent overloading and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the fan.
The fan can be reversed at low speed for a short period to eliminate ice formation within the cooling tower. This feature is particularly useful in cold climates to prevent ice - related damage and maintain the cooling tower's functionality.
When the water pan of the cooling tower is used as a pool, separate installation of the "automatic water supply pipe", "rapid water supply pipe", "sewage pipe", and "overflow pipe" is mandatory. This information must be clearly stated when ordering, and the cost for these additional installations will be calculated separately.
Motors and fans are supplied as a complete set. The factory will send employees to the site for installation or provide technical guidance to ensure proper installation and operation of the cooling tower.
The cooling tower adopts a patented product from the Fourth Academy, the oblique trapezoidal wave packing sheet. This packing features horizontal ribs that increase its water redistribution capacity. It has low resistance, excellent thermal performance, and can withstand temperatures ranging from −50∘C to 70∘C. Additionally, it has good flammability resistance.
The motor is designed by the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua University and manufactured by Yingmengjin Electrical Machinery Factory. It is a patented product of the Fourth Academy with variable torque, low noise, and energy - saving characteristics. The motor has good sealing and waterproof performance, can resist high temperatures, operates with high efficiency, and generates low noise.
For deceleration devices with power ≤11/5.5KW, a polyester fiber - reinforced neoprene power belt transmission is used. This type of transmission is resistant to high temperatures, highly efficient, and does not stretch when exposed to water, eliminating the problem of slippage and generating low noise. For deceleration devices with power ≥15/7.5KW, a gear deceleration mode is adopted, and the motor is installed outside the wind tube.
The Department of Engineering Mechanics of Tsinghua University has designed low - noise, high - efficiency, wing - shaped glass fiber reinforced plastic blades according to the parameters of this series of products. These blades have low noise levels, high efficiency, and adjustable blade angles to optimize performance.
The cooling tower uses reflective low - pressure nozzles. For small towers, single swirl nozzles are used, ensuring uniform water distribution and low water pressure. The water collection device can reduce floating water loss to as low as 0.01%, improving the water - saving performance of the cooling tower.
Ultra - low noise cooling towers are equipped with sound - absorbing materials and sound - absorbing grids on the air outlet of the upper tower body. This setup effectively reduces the noise generated by fans and motors. For small towers, a mushroom - shaped sound - absorbing grid is installed to further enhance noise reduction.
For low - noise and ultra - low noise cooling towers, a sound - permeable sound - absorbing mat is specially designed. A layer of oblique wave plate is installed under the mat, which significantly reduces the dripping noise produced during the operation of the cooling tower.
An overhaul platform with a checkered steel plate is provided on the top of the tower. This platform facilitates easy maintenance and installation of components within the cooling tower.
Cooling towers with shallow water trays and deep water trays are equipped with a lower water tray for water storage. According to order requirements, these trays can be fitted with overflow, sewage, automatic, and manual water supply pipes, allowing direct water suction from the lower tray.
The steel bracket of the cooling tower is galvanized and coated with epoxy asphalt paint for corrosion protection. All fasteners are galvanized bolts, ensuring the durability and long - term stability of the cooling tower structure.
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